Angela Merkel

chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

Angela Merkel was the first woman to serve as Chancellor of Germany, leading the country from 2005 to 2021. She was a powerful political figure in Europe, known for her pragmatic and centrist approach to governance. Merkel’s chancellorship was marked by her handling of major crises, such as the global financial crisis and the European migrant crisis.

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About the Angela Merkel

Angela Dorothea Merkelis a German retired politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021 and was the first woman to hold that office. She previously served as Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and as Leader of the Christian Democratic Union from 2000 to 2018. During her chancellorship, Merkel was frequently referred to as the de facto leader of the European Unionand the most powerful woman in the world. Beginning in 2016, she was often described as the leader of the free world.

Merkel was born in Hamburg in West Germany. Her family moved to East Germany when she was an infant. Merkel obtained a doctorate in quantum chemistry in 1986 and worked as a research scientist until 1989. She then entered politics in the wake of the Revolutions of 1989, briefly serving as deputy spokeswoman for the first democratically elected government of East Germany led by Lothar de Maiziere. Following German reunification in 1990, Merkel was elected to the Bundestag for the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. As the protegee of chancellor Helmut Kohl, Merkel was appointed as Minister for Women and Youth in 1991, later becoming Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in 1994. After the CDU lost the 1998 federal election, Merkel was elected general secretary of the party. She then became the party’s first female leader, and the first female Leader of the Opposition, two years later.

Following the 2005 federal election, Merkel was elected chancellor, leading a grand coalition consisting of the CDU, the Christian Social Union (CSU), and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). She was the first woman to be elected chancellor, and the first chancellor of reunified Germany to have been raised in the former East Germany. In the 2009 federal election, the CDU obtained the largest share of the vote, and Merkel subsequently formed a coalition government with the Free Democratic Party (FDP), an alliance more favourable to the CDU than the grand coalition. In the 2013 federal election, the CDU won a landslide victory and formed a second grand coalition with the SPD, after the FDP lost all of its representation in the Bundestag. In the 2017 federal election, Merkel led the CDU to become the largest party for the fourth time, resulting in the formation of a third grand coalition with the SPD.

In foreign policy, Merkel emphasised international cooperation, both in the context of the EU and NATO, and the strengthening of transatlantic economic relations. In 2008, Merkel served as president of the European Council and played a central role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Lisbon and the Berlin Declaration. Merkel’s governments managed the global 2007-2008 financial crisis and the European debt crisis. She negotiated the 2008 European Union stimulus plan, which focused on infrastructure spending and public investment to counteract the Great Recession. In domestic policy, Merkel’s Energiewende program supported the development of renewable energy sources and eventually phased out the use of nuclear power in Germany. Reforms to the Bundeswehr, health care reform, the 2010s European migrant crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic were major issues during her chancellorship. Merkel stepped down as leader of the CDU in 2018 and did not seek a fifth term as chancellor in the 2021 federal election.

Frequently Asked Questions

Angela Merkel is a German retired politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. She was the first woman to hold that office and is considered one of the most influential political leaders in Europe.

During her chancellorship, Angela Merkel led Germany through major crises such as the global financial crisis and the European migrant crisis. She also implemented the Energiewende program to transition Germany towards renewable energy sources.

Angela Merkel was elected Chancellor of Germany in 2005 and served in that position until 2021, making her one of the longest-serving heads of government in Europe.

Before becoming Chancellor, Angela Merkel was a research scientist in quantum chemistry. She entered politics in the wake of the Revolutions of 1989 and was eventually elected to the Bundestag, Germany’s parliament, in 1990.

Merkel’s political career saw her rise through the ranks of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party, eventually becoming the party’s leader and the first female Leader of the Opposition in Germany.

During her chancellorship, Angela Merkel was frequently referred to as the de facto leader of the European Union and was recognized as one of the most powerful political figures in Europe.

Angela Merkel was often described as the leader of the free world due to her influential role in international affairs and her reputation for pragmatic and centrist governance.

32 Quotes by Angela Merkel

  1. 1.

    It certainly is dangerous that there are only a few clubs left in Europe that can afford to pay millions. At the end of the day however, the spectators decide the rates of pay – by watching the games and consuming the goods and services advertised on sports TV programmes.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  2. 2.

    I will not let anyone tell me we must spend more money. This crisis did not come about because we issued too little money but because we created economic growth with too much money and it was not sustainable growth.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  3. 3.

    It is a fact that, if I single out Germany, our rate of growth is too low and we have very high unemployment.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  4. 4.

    At the beginning of the 60’s our country called the foreign workers to come to Germany and now they live in our country. We kidded ourselves a while, we said: ‘They won’t stay, sometime they will be gone.’ But this isn’t reality.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  5. 5.

    Whoever decides to dedicate their life to politics knows that earning money isn’t the top priority.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  6. 6.

    The question is not whether we are able to change but whether we are changing fats enough.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  7. 7.

    Herr Schroder has conducted two electoral campaigns, and he is doing it again now, by not telling people what is really necessary. He keeps avoiding the difficult and uncomfortable issues, those that imply changes and therefore provoke discussions.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  8. 8.

    Today’s Russia is not to be compared with the Soviet Union of back then.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  9. 9.

    In the German football team players from different clubs need to get on with each other both on and off the pitch. In the grand coalition Christian Democrats and Social Democrats sit in the same boat and need to pull in the same direction.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  10. 10.

    I have just explained my idea of how a constructive period of reflection, one that would send a clear message to the citizens of Europe: You should now what our priorities are. For Germany this means: Unemployment is one of one of our biggest problems.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  11. 11.

    Politicians have to be committed to people in equal measures.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  12. 12.

    I am not an expert in this field but I do try to keep up to date with the Bundesliga. And I do follow World Cups and European Championships more closely.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  13. 13.

    I think that the EU with the Lisbon agenda has put the right emphasis on growth and employment.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  14. 14.

    That is why everyone in politics, and we do it, must make sure that they do not depend on one single interest group. A good compromise is one where everybody makes a contribution.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  15. 15.

    That makes me think of the 2002 World Cup Final above all else. Nobody thought at the time that our team would get through to the Final against Brazil. We should remember that this summer.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  16. 16.

    In Europe it is particularly important that we build good relations to everyone who holds political responsibility because Europe can only be build together.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  17. 17.

    The problem is, of course, that these interest groups are all asking for changes, but their enthusiasm for change rapidly disappears when it affects the core of their own interests.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  18. 18.

    On the one hand, the financial projection is on the agenda – we will see if this problem can be resolved or not. I think it is a right idea to stage a special summit, which would deal with the question of priorities of European politics.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  19. 19.

    For a few years, more people have been leaving our country than entering it. Wherever it is possible, we must lower the entry hurdles for those who bring the country forward.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  20. 20.

    I feel sorry sometimes for these sportsmen and women who put in just as much effort as the footballers. For example, athletes train at least as hard as footballers but have to be happy if they can earn enough to finance a decent education.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  21. 21.

    We feel bound to the Christian image of humanity – that is what defines us. Those who do not accept this are in the wrong place here.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  22. 22.

    This multicultural approach, saying that we simply live side by side and live happily with each other has failed. Utterly failed.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  23. 23.

    I don’t carry any early childhood trauma around with me, if that’s what you’re hinting at. The story of the bicycles – and there were three of them which were stolen from me – I’ve dealt with it well.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  24. 24.

    Personally, I think that for example the chemical directive in its present form does too much damage to the chemical industry – especially the medium sized businesses – and will hurt our worldwide competitiveness.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  25. 25.

    I felt really sorry for Oliver Kahn. Up to that point he had made lots of saves for the German team. Of course he could have caught the ball but it just happened. It was bad luck. In that situation, you need to be very strong psychologically to carry on.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  26. 26.

    The people in East Germany have lived through so many changes in the last 15 years like never before in the country, and they did this often with great enthusiasm. But in the West we also have a high degree of transformations.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  27. 27.

    It is nonsense to say that Germans are unable to change.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  28. 28.

    As politicians we have to react to the fact that many people do not feel that they can relate to the EU.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  29. 29.

    From this experience we have learned that in a big party it is important to have the necessary and often controversial discussions on policy issues such as the health system while in opposition.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  30. 30.

    The willingness to learn new skills is very high.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  31. 31.

    Above all it is important to point out that we can only maintain our prosperity in Europe if we belong to the most innovative regions in the world.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021

  32. 32.

    Thus, the focus on this main political goal must become more visible in EU politics and to achieve this, we need a political impulse. It must be clear what the priorities on the agenda are.

    Angela Merkel

    chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021