Emma Willard
American educator and women's rights activist, 1787-1870
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Blaise Pascal was a brilliant French polymath who made groundbreaking contributions to mathematics, physics, philosophy, and theology. From inventing the mechanical calculator to formulating the famous ‘Pascal’s wager’ on the existence of God, Pascal’s versatile genius touched many fields and continues to inspire people today.
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Blaise Pascalwas a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, philosopher, and Catholic writer.
Pascal was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen. His earliest mathematical work was on projective geometry; he wrote a significant treatise on the subject of conic sections at the age of 16. He later corresponded with Pierre de Fermat on probability theory, strongly influencing the development of modern economics and social science. In 1642, he started some pioneering work on calculating machines (called Pascal’s calculators and later Pascalines), establishing him as one of the first two inventors of the mechanical calculator.
Like his contemporary Rene Descartes, Pascal was also a pioneer in the natural and applied sciences. Pascal wrote in defense of the scientific method and produced several controversial results. He made important contributions to the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalising the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Following Torricelli and Galileo Galilei, in 1647 he rebutted the likes of Aristotle and Descartes who insisted that nature abhors a vacuum.
In 1646, he and his sister Jacqueline identified with the religious movement within Catholicism known by its detractors as Jansenism. Following a religious experience in late 1654, he began writing influential works on philosophy and theology. His two most famous works date from this period: the Lettres provinciales and the Pensees, the former set in the conflict between Jansenists and Jesuits. The latter contains Pascal’s wager, known in the original as the Discourse on the Machine, a fideistic probabilistic argument for why one should believe in God. In that year, he also wrote an important treatise on the arithmetical triangle. Between 1658 and 1659, he wrote on the cycloid and its use in calculating the volume of solids.
Blaise Pascal was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, philosopher, and Catholic writer who lived in the 17th century. He was a child prodigy and made significant contributions to various fields, including projective geometry, probability theory, and the invention of the mechanical calculator.
At the age of 16, Blaise Pascal wrote a significant treatise on the subject of conic sections, demonstrating his prodigious mathematical abilities from a young age. He also corresponded with Pierre de Fermat on probability theory, which had a strong influence on the development of modern economics and social science.
In 1642, Blaise Pascal started pioneering work on calculating machines, which were called ‘Pascal’s calculators’ and later known as ‘Pascalines’. He is considered one of the first two inventors of the mechanical calculator.
Blaise Pascal was a pioneer in the natural and applied sciences, writing in defense of the scientific method and producing several controversial results. He made important contributions to the study of fluids, clarifying the concepts of pressure and vacuum by building upon the work of Evangelista Torricelli and Galileo Galilei.
Blaise Pascal’s two most famous works were the ‘Lettres provinciales’ and the ‘Pensées’, which were written after his religious experience in 1654. The ‘Pensées’ contains Pascal’s famous ‘wager’, a fideistic probabilistic argument for why one should believe in God.
In 1646, Blaise Pascal and his sister Jacqueline identified with the religious movement within Catholicism known as Jansenism. After a religious experience in 1654, Pascal began writing influential works on philosophy and theology, including the ‘Lettres provinciales’ and the ‘Pensées’.
Between 1658 and 1659, Blaise Pascal wrote on the cycloid and its use in calculating the volume of solids, demonstrating his ongoing scientific interests and discoveries even late in his life.
Reason commands us far more imperiously than a master; for in disobeying the one we are unfortunate, and in disobeying the other we are fools.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Human beings must be known to be loved; but Divine beings must be loved to be known.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Habit is a second nature that destroys the first. But what is nature? Why is habit not natural? I am very much afraid that nature itself is only a first habit, just as habit is a second nature.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
You always admire what you really don’t understand.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
If our condition were truly happy, we would not seek diversion from it in order to make ourselves happy.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
In each action we must look beyond the action at our past, present, and future state, and at others whom it affects, and see the relations of all those things. And then we shall be very cautious.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Man is but a reed, the most feeble thing in nature, but he is a thinking reed.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We never love a person, but only qualities.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Custom is our nature. What are our natural principles but principles of custom?
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The consciousness of the falsity of present pleasures, and the ignorance of the vanity of absent pleasures, cause inconstancy.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Jesus is the God whom we can approach without pride and before whom we can humble ourselves without despair.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Truth is so obscure in these times, and falsehood so established, that, unless we love the truth, we cannot know it.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
To have no time for philosophy is to be a true philosopher.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
People are usually more convinced by reasons they discovered themselves than by those found by others.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The last proceeding of reason is to recognize that there is an infinity of things which are beyond it. There is nothing so conformable to reason as this disavowal of reason.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
One must know oneself. If this does not serve to discover truth, it at least serves as a rule of life and there is nothing better.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
People are generally better persuaded by the reasons which they have themselves discovered than by those which have come in to the mind of others.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
I maintain that, if everyone knew what others said about him, there would not be four friends in the world.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
It is good to be tired and wearied by the futile search after the true good, that we may stretch out our arms to the Redeemer.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Atheism shows strength of mind, but only to a certain degree.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We conceal it from ourselves in vain – we must always love something. In those matters seemingly removed from love, the feeling is secretly to be found, and man cannot possibly live for a moment without it.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We like security: we like the pope to be infallible in matters of faith, and grave doctors to be so in moral questions so that we can feel reassured.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
In faith there is enough light for those who want to believe and enough shadows to blind those who don’t.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
There are some who speak well and write badly. For the place and the audience warm them, and draw from their minds more than they think of without that warmth.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Faith is different from proof; the latter is human, the former is a Gift from God.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Vanity is but the surface.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The last act is bloody, however pleasant all the rest of the play is: a little earth is thrown at last upon our head, and that is the end forever.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
When we are in love we seem to ourselves quite different from what we were before.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Contradiction is not a sign of falsity, nor the lack of contradiction a sign of truth.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Few friendships would survive if each one knew what his friend says of him behind his back.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Justice is what is established; and thus all our established laws will necessarily be regarded as just without examination, since they are established.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Our soul is cast into a body, where it finds number, time, dimension. Thereupon it reasons, and calls this nature necessity, and can believe nothing else.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Kind words do not cost much. Yet they accomplish much.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Words differently arranged have a different meaning, and meanings differently arranged have different effects.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Desire and force between them are responsible for all our actions; desire causes our voluntary acts, force our involuntary.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Men blaspheme what they do not know.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The only shame is to have none.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We run carelessly to the precipice, after we have put something before us to prevent us seeing it.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Nothing is as approved as mediocrity, the majority has established it and it fixes it fangs on whatever gets beyond it either way.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The supreme function of reason is to show man that some things are beyond reason.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
It is the heart which perceives God and not the reason. That is what faith is: God perceived by the heart, not by the reason.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Nature is an infinite sphere of which the center is everywhere and the circumference nowhere.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
It is incomprehensible that God should exist, and it is incomprehensible that he should not exist.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The present letter is a very long one, simply because I had no leisure to make it shorter.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Justice and power must be brought together, so that whatever is just may be powerful, and whatever is powerful may be just.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Faith indeed tells what the senses do not tell, but not the contrary of what they see. It is above them and not contrary to them.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The greater intellect one has, the more originality one finds in men. Ordinary persons find no difference between men.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
It is not good to be too free. It is not good to have everything one wants.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
It is the fight alone that pleases us, not the victory.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Belief is a wise wager. Granted that faith cannot be proved, what harm will come to you if you gamble on its truth and it proves false? If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing. Wager, then, without hesitation, that He exists.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Vanity of science. Knowledge of physical science will not console me for ignorance of morality in time of affliction, but knowledge of morality will always console me for ignorance of physical science.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Law, without force, is impotent.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We are only falsehood, duplicity, contradiction; we both conceal and disguise ourselves from ourselves.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Men despise religion. They hate it and are afraid it may be true.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Thus so wretched is man that he would weary even without any cause for weariness… and so frivolous is he that, though full of a thousand reasons for weariness, the least thing, such as playing billiards or hitting a ball, is sufficient enough to amuse him.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The greatness of man is great in that he knows himself to be wretched. A tree does not know itself to be wretched.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
I have discovered that all human evil comes from this, man’s being unable to sit still in a room.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The heart has its reasons of which reason knows nothing.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The immortality of the soul is a matter which is of so great consequence to us and which touches us so profoundly that we must have lost all feeling to be indifferent about it.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
If we must not act save on a certainty, we ought not to act on religion, for it is not certain. But how many things we do on an uncertainty, sea voyages, battles!
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The strength of a man’s virtue should not be measured by his special exertions, but by his habitual acts.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We view things not only from different sides, but with different eyes; we have no wish to find them alike.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
There is a God shaped vacuum in the heart of every man which cannot be filled by any created thing, but only by God, the Creator, made known through Jesus.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Nothing gives rest but the sincere search for truth.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The eternal silence of these infinite spaces frightens me.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The struggle alone pleases us, not the victory.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Imagination disposes of everything; it creates beauty, justice, and happiness, which are everything in this world.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Between us and heaven or hell there is only life, which is the frailest thing in the world.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Faith embraces many truths which seem to contradict each other.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Small minds are concerned with the extraordinary, great minds with the ordinary.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Too much and too little wine. Give him none, he cannot find truth; give him too much, the same.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
When we see a natural style, we are astonished and charmed; for we expected to see an author, and we find a person.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Earnestness is enthusiasm tempered by reason.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Men are so necessarily mad, that not to be mad would amount to another form of madness.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The sensitivity of men to small matters, and their indifference to great ones, indicates a strange inversion.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Men often take their imagination for their heart; and they believe they are converted as soon as they think of being converted.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
If we examine our thoughts, we shall find them always occupied with the past and the future.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Time heals griefs and quarrels, for we change and are no longer the same persons. Neither the offender nor the offended are any more themselves.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
I can well conceive a man without hands, feet, head. But I cannot conceive man without thought; he would be a stone or a brute.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Two things control men’s nature, instinct and experience.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Nothing is so intolerable to man as being fully at rest, without a passion, without business, without entertainment, without care.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
All human evil comes from a single cause, man’s inability to sit still in a room.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
If all men knew what others say of them, there would not be four friends in the world.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
All of our reasoning ends in surrender to feeling.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The knowledge of God is very far from the love of Him.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Do you wish people to think well of you? Don’t speak well of yourself.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Nothing fortifies scepticism more than the fact that there are some who are not sceptics; if all were so, they would be wrong.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
It is natural for the mind to believe and for the will to love; so that, for want of true objects, they must attach themselves to false.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Eloquence is a painting of the thoughts.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Man’s greatness lies in his power of thought.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Faith certainly tells us what the senses do not, but not the contrary of what they see; it is above, not against them.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Even those who write against fame wish for the fame of having written well, and those who read their works desire the fame of having read them.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Continuous eloquence wearies. Grandeur must be abandoned to be appreciated. Continuity in everything is unpleasant. Cold is agreeable, that we may get warm.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Justice and truth are too such subtle points that our tools are too blunt to touch them accurately.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We only consult the ear because the heart is wanting.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
If man made himself the first object of study, he would see how incapable he is of going further. How can a part know the whole?
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Can anything be stupider than that a man has the right to kill me because he lives on the other side of a river and his ruler has a quarrel with mine, though I have not quarrelled with him?
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
I have made this letter longer than usual, only because I have not had the time to make it shorter.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We know the truth, not only by the reason, but also by the heart.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The least movement is of importance to all nature. The entire ocean is affected by a pebble.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The self is hateful.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
All men’s miseries derive from not being able to sit in a quiet room alone.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Love has reasons which reason cannot understand.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Imagination decides everything.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
There are two kinds of people one can call reasonable: those who serve God with all their heart because they know him, and those who seek him with all their heart because they do not know him.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The weather and my mood have little connection. I have my foggy and my fine days within me; my prosperity or misfortune has little to do with the matter.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Justice without force is powerless; force without justice is tyrannical.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
If you gain, you gain all. If you lose, you lose nothing. Wager then, without hesitation, that He exists.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Little things console us because little things afflict us.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Since we cannot know all that there is to be known about anything, we ought to know a little about everything.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
There are only two kinds of men: the righteous who think they are sinners and the sinners who think they are righteous.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Man’s true nature being lost, everything becomes his nature; as, his true good being lost, everything becomes his good.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The finite is annihilated in the presence of the infinite, and becomes a pure nothing. So our spirit before God, so our justice before divine justice.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Chance gives rise to thoughts, and chance removes them; no art can keep or acquire them.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The gospel to me is simply irresistible.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Our nature consists in motion; complete rest is death.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Noble deeds that are concealed are most esteemed.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
The charm of fame is so great that we like every object to which it is attached, even death.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
As men are not able to fight against death, misery, ignorance, they have taken it into their heads, in order to be happy, not to think of them at all.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
We sail within a vast sphere, ever drifting in uncertainty, driven from end to end.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Happiness is neither without us nor within us. It is in God, both without us and within us.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
A trifle consoles us, for a trifle distresses us.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Through space the universe encompasses and swallows me up like an atom; through thought I comprehend the world.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
That we must love one God only is a thing so evident that it does not require miracles to prove it.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Concupiscence and force are the source of all our actions; concupiscence causes voluntary actions, force involuntary ones.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Truly it is an evil to be full of faults; but it is a still greater evil to be full of them and to be unwilling to recognize them, since that is to add the further fault of a voluntary illusion.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
Evil is easy, and has infinite forms.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)
He that takes truth for his guide, and duty for his end, may safely trust to God’s providence to lead him aright.
French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)