Robert Maxwell

Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor and Member of Parliament (1923-1991)

Robert Maxwell was a Czechoslovak-born British media mogul, politician, and fraudster. He built up a publishing empire but was involved in controversies and eventually died in mysterious circumstances, leading to the collapse of his business empire.

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About the Robert Maxwell

Ian Robert Maxwell was a Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor, politician, and fraudster.

After escaping the Nazi occupation of his native country, Maxwell joined the Czechoslovak Army in exile during World War II and was decorated after active service in the British Army. In subsequent years he worked in publishing, building up Pergamon Press to a major academic publisher. After six years as a Labour Member of Parliamentduring the 1960s, Maxwell again put all his energy into business, successively buying the British Printing Corporation, Mirror Group Newspapers and Macmillan Publishers, among other publishing companies.

Maxwell led a flamboyant lifestyle, living in Headington Hill Hall in Oxford, from which he often flew in his helicopter, or sailing in his luxury yacht, the Lady Ghislaine–named after his daughter Ghislaine Maxwell. Robert Maxwell was litigious and often embroiled in controversy. In 1989, Maxwell had to sell successful businesses, including Pergamon Press, to cover some of his debts. In 1991, his body was discovered floating in the Atlantic Ocean, having apparently fallen overboard from his yacht. He was buried in Jerusalem.

Maxwell’s death triggered the collapse of his publishing empire as banks called in loans. His sons briefly attempted to keep the business together, but failed as the news emerged that the elder Maxwell had embezzled hundreds of millions of pounds from his own companies’ pension funds. The Maxwell companies applied for bankruptcy protection in 1992. After Maxwell’s death, large discrepancies in his companies’ finances were revealed, including his fraudulent misappropriation of the Mirror Group pension fund.

Frequently Asked Questions

Robert Maxwell was a Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor, politician, and fraudster. He was the father of Ghislaine Maxwell, a convicted sex offender.

After escaping the Nazi occupation of his native Czechoslovakia, Robert Maxwell joined the Czechoslovak Army in exile during World War II and was decorated for his active service in the British Army.

Robert Maxwell built up Pergamon Press to become a major academic publisher. He also successively bought the British Printing Corporation, Mirror Group Newspapers, and Macmillan Publishers, among other publishing companies.

Robert Maxwell lived a flamboyant lifestyle, residing in Headington Hill Hall in Oxford and often flying in his helicopter or sailing in his luxury yacht, the Lady Ghislaine.

After Robert Maxwell’s death, his publishing empire collapsed as the news emerged that he had embezzled hundreds of millions of pounds from his own companies’ pension funds. His sons briefly tried to keep the business together, but the companies ultimately applied for bankruptcy protection in 1992.

In 1991, Robert Maxwell’s body was discovered floating in the Atlantic Ocean, having apparently fallen overboard from his yacht. He was buried in Jerusalem.

Robert Maxwell was known for being litigious and often embroiled in controversy. In 1989, he had to sell successful businesses, including Pergamon Press, to cover some of his debts.